{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-71408", "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck", "dateReserved": "2026-07-24T20:57:08.784Z", "datePublished": "2026-07-24T21:07:49.610Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-24T21:18:01.049Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10", "shortName": "VulnCheck", "dateUpdated": "2026-07-24T21:18:01.049Z"}, "title": "NLTK < 3.9.2 Eval Injection via collocations.py Command-Line Arguments", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit) before version 3.9.3 contains an eval injection vulnerability in the nltk.collocations module that allows an attacker who controls command-line arguments to execute arbitrary Python code. When collocations.py is invoked directly, the __main__ block passes command-line arguments directly to eval() as suffixes of BigramAssocMeasures without allowlist validation or sanitization, enabling an attacker to supply a Python expression that escapes the intended attribute lookup and executes arbitrary code including OS commands via the os module."}], "tags": ["x_open-source"], "datePublic": "2025-11-17T00:00:00.000Z", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "cweId": "CWE-95", "description": "Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')", "type": "CWE"}]}], "affected": [{"defaultStatus": "affected", "vendor": "ntlk", "product": "ntlk", "packageURL": "pkg:github/nltk/nltk", "repo": "https://github.com/nltk/nltk", "versions": [{"status": "affected", "version": "0", "versionType": "semver", "lessThan": "3.9.3"}]}], "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}], "cvssV4_0": {"attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED", "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED", "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED", "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED", "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED", "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED", "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED", "version": "4.0", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "baseScore": 8.5, "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"}}, {"format": "CVSS", "scenarios": [{"lang": "en", "value": "GENERAL"}], "cvssV3_1": {"attackVector": "LOCAL", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "version": "3.1", "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.8, "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}}], "references": [{"url": "https://aydinnyunus.github.io/2026/06/07/command-injection-nltk-collocations-eval/", "name": "Researcher Disclosure", "tags": ["technical-description", "exploit"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/nltk/nltk/releases/tag/3.9.3", "name": "Release Notes", "tags": ["release-notes"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/nltk/nltk/pull/3465", "name": "Pull Request", "tags": ["issue-tracking"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/nltk/nltk/commit/66f14096d952ec8f04934f515e027534bd4eb0ac", "tags": ["patch"], "name": "Patch Commit"}, {"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nltk-eval-injection-via-collocations-py-command-line-arguments", "tags": ["third-party-advisory"]}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Yunus AYDIN", "type": "finder"}], "source": {"discovery": "UNKNOWN"}, "x_generator": {"engine": "vulncheck"}}}}

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